NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Important Question & Answer Ch 15

NIOS Class-10th Chapter wise Important Topics

HOME SCIENCE(216)

Ch- 15 Managing Time and Energy

Ques 38. Evaluate the steps of time planning.

Answer - The steps of time planning.

1. Listing all the activities: List activities that you have to perform on a particular day. These can be eating, sleeping, going to school, school time and complete homework, playing going for shopping with your mother, helping your father in cleaning the surroundings of the house; dusting in the house; going for music or dance classes, etc.
2. Grouping flexible and inflexible activities: Separate the activities into two types. Those which are flexible like going to market for shopping. The timing and day for shopping can be changed as the situation demands and can be delayed to the next day. The other set of activities are those which are inflexible, like going to school, music or dance classes. The time for performing these activities is fixed and cannot be delayed or changed.
3. Estimating time required for performing each activity: In the list that you have prepared in the step-1, allot time required for performing each activity. Going to school may take between 7 -10 minutes or 1 hour. School time may be 5-6 hours. Fill in all other works which can be done within a short time in between all the other activities with fixed activities.
4. Balancing: Balancing is the adjustment of time for each of the activities. Reducing time from some activities can help in balancing the total time needed with the total time available bring to harmony.

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Ques 39. Write the benefits of preparing time plan.

Answer - Benefits of preparing time plan are:

1. You can complete all your work efficiently without feeling tired.
2. Get time for rest and relaxation.
3. For your interests like playing outdoor games (cricket, football, volleyball and hockey), embroidery, listening to music, dancing, watching TV etc.
4. You Can do more creative work in less time.
5. You can avoid last minute stress and confusion.
6. Able to do good quality work.

Ques 40. Describe ways to save energy.

Answer - Ways to save energy are:

• Break the task into smaller activities: Completing one task involves a number of tasks.

For example care and maintenance of clothes.

Now to break this task of washing clothes into smaller activities involves separating different types of clothes, cotton–coloured, white etc., dipping clothes in soap/detergent solution for some time; rubbing of soiled areas etc. It also involves taking out soap/ detergent. Then these are to be squeezed and put out or hung for drying.

• Cut all extra movements and combine activities: Sometimes some people do more of running around and do less work.

For example, some guests come to your house and you have to serve them water. You keep going to the kitchen and keep bringing one glass of water each. Instead, a better option is to bring the glasses on a tray and serve them to all the guests. It also helps us save energy.

• Perform activities in a better order: To save energy, activities should be performed in proper order. Some tasks have to be done before and some after other activities. For example, if the floor is dusted before sweeping, the dust will settle back on the furniture.
• Be more skilled at your work: Being efficient in performing tasks makes it easier to do the work. This saves a lot of energy.

For example, Rajita is learning to ride a bicycle. His father holds the bicycle from behind to provide support and balance. He is constantly monitoring his learning to ensure that he remains safe and gradually learns the skills of cycling.

• Use the correct posture: Maintaining correct posture minimizes strain on muscles and optimizes the body's alignment. This reduces the energy required to support and move the body, preventing fatigue and discomfort.

For example, It is important to sit straight on the chair while studying. Studying in the wrong posture for a long time can cause neck and back pain.

• Work at proper heights and keep things near the place of use: Sitting on the floor and trying to iron clothes cannot be done for a long time, as you have to bend to do the work. You will get tired and most likely your back will start paining. This happens because the ironing place is low and is not comfortable while ironing or cooking a meal or writing an assignment. This too causes unnecessary strain and fatigue.
• Use labor-saving devices: Use of electric labour saving devices helps to save both time and energy. e.g. using mixer grinder to grind spices or a toaster to toast bread. This saves a lot of energy and time.

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