NIOS Class-10th Chapter wise Important Topics
HOME SCIENCE(216)
Ch- 17 LIFE BEGINS
Ques 43. List four health problems faced by pregnant women. Suggest a way to deal with them.
Answer - Pregnant women face the following health problems:
- Morning Sickness: Many pregnant women experience nausea and vomiting during the early stages of pregnancy, commonly referred to as morning sickness.
Ways to deal with the morning sickness faced by pregnant women:
- Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day to maintain stable blood sugar levels.
- Stay hydrated by drinking clear fluids or ginger tea.
- Consider ginger supplements or ginger-containing foods to alleviate nausea.
- Gestational Diabetes: Some women develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy, a temporary form of diabetes that can affect blood sugar levels. It usually occurs in the second half of pregnancy and may require dietary changes or medication.
Ways to deal with the Gestational Diabetes faced by pregnant women:
- Follow a balanced diet recommended by a registered dietitian, focusing on complex carbohydrates, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
- Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly using a glucometer.
- Engage in regular, approved physical activity as advised by your healthcare provider.
- Preeclampsia: Preeclampsia is a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. It usually occurs after 20 weeks of pregnancy and can be life-threatening if left untreated.
Ways to deal with the Preeclampsia faced by pregnant women:
- Attend all prenatal check-ups to monitor blood pressure and other symptoms.
- Rest on your left side to improve blood flow to the uterus and reduce swelling.
- Reduce sodium intake and follow a low-sodium diet.
- Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight: Preterm birth, or giving birth before 37 weeks of pregnancy, can result in low birth weight for the baby, which can lead to various health complications for both the baby and the mother.
Ways to deal with Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight faced by pregnant women:
- Attend regular prenatal check-ups to monitor the progress of your pregnancy.
- Avoid smoking, alcohol, and illicit drugs, as these can increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.
- Focus on a well-balanced diet.
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Ques 44. Which four food stuffs will you include while planning a meal for a pregnant woman? Why ?
Answer - A mother must take a nutritious diet so that her baby gets proper nutrition to grow. This is because oxygen and food needed by the foetus is obtained from the mother through the placenta. If the mother's diet is not enough or lacks in some nutrients, the baby will also be born weak. Such a baby is more likely to catch infections very soon and fall sick after birth.
The following four foods should be included when planning a meal for a pregnant woman:
- Rice/wheat for carbohydrates - required for energy;
- Pulses / eggs/ non vegetarian food for proteins - required for muscle development;
- Green leafy vegetables and fruits for minerals - required for brain development and Milk for calcium - required for growth of bones
- Excessive consumption of ghee, oil and butter should be avoided. a mother's diet should contain foods from all the food groups.
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