NIOS Class-10th Chapter wise Important Topics
HOME SCIENCE(216)
Ch- 10 Fibre to Fabric
Ques 26. Explain the characteristics of different fibres.
Answer - The general characteristics of different fibers are as follows:
- Cotton
- These are white, cream and light brown in color and are fine and strong in
- These are absorbent, porous and cool (help in expelling body heat). Therefore, fabrics made from these fibers are used for summer wear.
- Cotton fabric is strong and long lasting and easy to wash and is used for towels, bed sheets, pillow cases etc. which require frequent washing.
- Flax
- It is a wooden fiber and the cloth prepared from it is called linen.
- Linen fabric is shiny, smooth, economical and easy to wash.
- It is cool, absorbent and suitable for summer clothes.
- Jute
- Like flax, jute is also a basic fiber. Most of the jute is produced in India.
- Jute fibers are short and shiny.
- These fibers are generally fibrous and rough. These are used for making sacks and ropes.
- Wool: It is obtained from the hair of domestic animals like goat, sheep, rabbit etc. The color of woolen fiber can vary from light white to light creamy.
- Clothes made from wool are soft, soft, absorbent and do not get wrinkled easily.
- They do not allow body heat to escape and act as insulation. That is why clothes made of woolen cloth are used in the winter season.
- Silk
- It is a natural and protein filament produced by the silk worm.
- Clothes made from silk are smooth, fine, soft, shiny, warmer and stronger than wool.
- It is called the “queen of fibres” and is used for formal wear.
- Rayon: It is very similar to silk, hence rayon is also called “artificial silk” or “art silk”.
- It is a man-made fibrous fiber which is shiny, smooth and cool and absorbent.
- It is used to make summer clothes.
- Artificial fibre: Artificial fiber is made from petroleum products. Nylon, polyester, acrylic etc. are examples of artificial fibres.
- Artificial fabrics do not wrinkle and can be made in light or shiny form.
- They are very strong, easy to wash and dry quickly. In other words, they are easy to care and maintain.
Ques 27. Write any four differences between twill weave and satin weave.
Answer - Differences between twill weave and satin weave are:
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Twill weave
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Satin weave
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It is woven on a loom with three or four weaves.
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It is woven on a loom having five to twelve weaves.
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Twill weave fabric can be identified as a fabric woven in a continuous oblique line.
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In this, one warp yarn is taken out from under four weft yarns. And that one weft comes out from above the yarn.
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Twill weave is tightly woven, so this fabric is suitable for work wear and men's clothing.
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Fabrics made from sateen weave are used for formal dresses and garments.
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Example: Gabardine, tweed, denim, jean etc.
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Satin fabric is an example of satin weave.
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