NIOS Class-10th Chapter wise Important Topics
HOME SCIENCE(216)
Ch- 13 Safety in the Home
Ques 33. Explain how security can be ensured at home and why it is necessary.
Answer - Accidents are major cause of death especially among elderly and children. 80% of the accidents occur at home.
Many a times, we slip or trip but somehow get saved. These are near misses or warning signs of potential accident sites which need attention to prevent the accidents.
- There may be a loose wire on which you trip. pick up the loose wire and tape it against the wall; so that nobody falls over it.
- There is a possibility of children falling from the roof, this accident can be fatal, these accidents can be prevented by placing high boundaries around the roof and under the supervision of adults.
- Do not attach too many appliances on a single socket. It will overheat the wires and cause short circuit.
- Do not touch any electric switch or appliance with wet hands as the water is a good conductor of electricity and will cause a shock.
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Ques 34. What would you do in case of a cooking gas cylinder (LPG / Liquefied Petroleum Gas) leak and fire?
Answer - In case of cooking gas (LPG) cylinder leaking:
- Open the windows.
- Get out of the house, especially children and elderly people.
- In such a situation, do not light matches or any kind of fire.
- Do not turn on any electrical switch. (A light spark from the switch is enough to start a fire).
- Keep the leaking cylinder outside in the open air.
- Call the fire brigade or the emergency helpline number of the gas supplier.
In case of fire:
- Try to extinguish the fire with sand or water. Do not pour water on a fire caused by electricity.
- If your clothes are on fire, do not run, as running will make the fire worse.
- Start rolling on the floor to extinguish the fire on clothes. If possible, wrap yourself in a woolen blanket and roll on the floor.
- Tie a wet cloth on your face.
- Crawl out of the fire area. Keep in mind that the air at the ground surface remains clean because hot air and smoke rise upward.
Ques 35. What is first aid? Describe the rules of first aid.
Answer - First Aid: First Aid is the potential life saving technique which is given initially for any injury until professional medical treatment can be given to the victim.
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There are some simple rules of first aid:
- Keep a first aid box readily accessible in your house.
- First aid should be given quickly, without wasting time.
- You should remain calm and be resourceful while giving first aid.
- Take the victim to a safe place, if needed.
- Reassure the patient.
- Disperse the crowd.
- Attend first to injuries which can be fatal.
- In case of unconsciousness do not give any liquids.
- Keep emergency helpline numbers handy and call the doctor.
- Know the shortestroute to the nearest medical institution and take the victim there.
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