NIOS Class-10th Chapter wise Important Topics
HOME SCIENCE(216)
Ch- 22. Consumer! Beware, Be Aware
Ques 52. Who are the consumers? Describe the problems faced by the consumer.
Answer -
Consumer: A consumer is a person who buys or uses either goods or services, to satisfy his needs.
Problems faced by the consumer
- Price Variation: Sometimes shopkeepers or vendors charging more than the price printed on the product. This printed price is the Maximum Retail Price (MRP), which means a shopkeeper cannot charge more than this amount or MRP. On being questioned about charging more than the MRP, shopkeepers often make excuses.
- Imitation: products that imitate the packaging of popular brands. Often the brand names are made to rhyme intentionally to fool the customers. They often imitate popular brands to gain popularity, knowing fully well that most consumers recognize the products by their packaging and do not bother to read the fine print.
For example, the popular brand of ‘Colgate’ tooth paste is imitated as ‘college’ toothpaste, though the colour combination and design of the cover is exactly the same.
- Adulteration: Adulteration means intentionally or unknowingly including inferior elements in a product or removing its important elements so that its quantity can be increased. This is done to increase profits.
For example, the milk supplied does not yield much cream. Even rice and pulses contain pebbles. The pulses are polished with artificial colors to make them look beautiful and fresh.
- Misleading information or lack of information: most of the products advertised are misleading and exaggerated. The products are not as effective as they are claimed to be. Customers faced problems in getting detailed information on the products that you want to buy. Often, the print on the label is too small or blurred or the matter is written in local language, which is not understood by most of us.
- Defective Weights and Measures: The problem of defective weights and measures is the most widespread problem.
- Shopkeepers use bricks, stones etc. instead of standard weights to weigh the goods.
- Weights sometimes have gaps or are bent. Their weight is less than the written weight.
- Weighing of food items especially sweets along with their boxes by the shopkeeper.
- Many times the bottom of the measuring scale is raised from below.
- Shopkeepers hit the scales while using them, such as placing a magnet under the scale.
- Selling less length of cloth to the consumer from faulty meter rods.
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Ques 53. Identify the standardized symbols given. Write the products on which this mark is used.
Answer -
- ISI Mark: Indian Standards Institution ISI mark reassures, everyone that your product is safe to use.
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ISI mark is applied on these certified goods:
- Food items: Salt, biscuits, powdered milk, coffee, custard powder etc.
- Electrical appliances: electric iron, fan, regulator, water heating rod, geyser etc.
- Home appliances: pressure cooker, gas stove etc.
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- FPO Mark: Food Products Order, The FPO mark guarantees that the product was manufactured in a hygienic 'food-safe' environment.
| FPO mark is applied on these goods: Preserved foods such as tinned fruits and vegetables, juices, jams, sauces, pickles, etc. |
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- Hall Mark: The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Hallmark is a hallmarking system for gold as well as silver jewellery sold in India, certifying the purity of the metal.
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Hall Mark is applied on these goods:
Hallmark is a mark used on items made of metals, such as platinum, gold and silver.
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Ques 54. What is ICRPC ?
Answer - ICRPC: International Consumer Rights Protection Council (ICRPC) is a registered NGO that helps and guides aggrieved consumers to file their consumer complaints with the consumer court in India.
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