NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Important Question & Answer Ch 3

NIOS Class-10th Chapter wise Important Topics

HOME SCIENCE(216)

Ch. 3 Food Groups?

Ques 7. What are the different food groups? What is their role in a balanced daily diet ?

Answer - The different food groups are as follows:

Different nutrients are found in different quantities in different foods. While planning a diet, major nutrients can be obtained in appropriate proportions by choosing one food item from each food group.

ICMR has given the following five food group schemes for Indians:

Following are the roles of food groups in a balanced daily diet:

Ques 8. Define meal planning. What are the factors affecting meal planning ?

Answer - Meal planning is a process of making a plan about what we should eat each day in every meal. In other words, meal planning means planning to provide adequate nutrition.

The factors affecting meal planning are:

1. Age: People eat according to their age. For example, a baby drinks only milk till about six months, a small child eats dalia and khichri in small quantities. Adolescents eat a variety of food and in more quantity as compared to children. Similarly old people eat soft and easy-to-digest food in small quantity. As the nutritional requirements vary with age so the type of food, its quantity and quality also change.

2. Sex: Man’s body is more muscular than a woman’s body. Hence a man requires more protein and energy than a woman. So, while planning a meal, it is important to keep in mind the sex of the family members.

3. Seasonal availability: Some vegetables like radish, fenugreek, carrot and peas are available in the winter season while other vegetables like bitter gourd, bottle gourd and ladys finger are available in summer. seasonal food items are fresh, nutritious, less expensive and easily available than the off season food items. Therefore, seasonal food should be preferred while planning meals.

4. Weather: All of us eat more in winter than in summer. This is because in winters our body needs more energy to maintain the body temperature. We enjoy eating peanuts, peanut chikki, sesame chikki and dry fruits during winters. These are energy rich foods and help us maintain body temperature.

5. Occupation: Some people like labourers, rickshaw pullers, sports persons and farmers do more manual work as compared to people like businessmen, shopkeepers, and teachers. So they require more carbohydrates and proteins. We must consider the nature of occupation of each family member while planning meals.

6. Physiological needs: While planning a meal, physiological needs of individual family member should be kept in mind e.g. pregnant and lactating mothers require more nutrients. A growing adolescent needs more protein and energy rich food. An old person needs a diet which is light and easy to digest.

7. Economic considerations: Income of a family has a direct impact on meal planning. The amount of money available influences our choice of food quantity and quality in a meal. there are many ways in which one can plan balanced meals without increasing the budget. For example, use the less expensive nuts such as groundnuts instead of cashewnuts and almonds; soy nuggets instead of paneer and guava instead of an orange.

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