NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Question Paper Solution OCT 2024 SET B

NIOS Question Paper OCT 2024 SET B

Home Science(216) In English (Sec-B)

Question 32-40

32. You sister gets tired doing household chores. Identify any two unnecessary household activities that she can avoid. Suggest her one alternative each.

Answer - Two unnecessary household activities that can be avoided, along with an alternative for each:

1) Excessive cleaning:

• Unnecessary activity: Cleaning every corner of the house repeatedly, such as wiping the dust off furniture daily or cleaning small items frequently.
• Alternative: Complete the cleaning work once a week and clean only the essential areas (like the kitchen, bathroom) daily.

2) Excessive laundry :

• Unnecessary activity: Washing clothes every day, even when they are not very dirty.
• Alternative: Laundry can be done two or three times a week, eliminating the need to wash clothes daily and saving time.

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OR

Your mother does not get time to rest from household work. Suggest her any six ways she can save her energy.

Answer - :Six ways to help your mother save energy :

• Collaborate on household tasks like cleaning, washing dishes, and cooking, so that the workload is shared.
• Use labor-saving devices such as washing machines and vacuum cleaners, which save both time and energy.
• Take short breaks instead of continuously working. This will allow the body to rest and help in getting back to work with renewed energy.
• Keep necessary items and tools nearby while cooking, so you don’t have to keep going back and forth for things.
• Adopt the right posture while doing household chores. For example, when using a broom with a long handle, one can sweep without bending over and can reach a wider area.
• Prioritize tasks and divide them according to the days of the week. For example, one day can be for sweeping and mopping, and another for washing clothes, etc.

33. Lack of information is one of the major problems of consumers. Give any four examples of this.

Answer - Lack of information is one of the major problems faced by consumers. Four examples of this are as follows :

• Price Variation: Sometimes, shopkeepers charge more than the printed price on the product. However, shopkeepers cannot charge more than the MRP (Maximum Retail Price).
• Counterfeit: Many products have packaging that imitates famous brand packaging. Often, names similar to well-known brands are used to deceive consumers.
  For example, a well-known toothpaste brand "Colgate" is imitated by a toothpaste called "College," which has the same color and design on the outer packaging.
• Misleading Information or Lack of Information: Most product advertisements are misleading and exaggerated (overstated). The products are not as effective as claimed in the advertisements.
• Lack of Standardized Products: The market is flooded with low-quality products. Have you ever wondered why shopkeepers describe these low-quality items as better and are even willing to offer guarantees for them? This is because they receive higher commissions on these low-quality products compared to standardized ones.

OR

In what four ways do packages help consumers?

Answer - Packaging helps consumers in several ways, primarily by providing safety, convenience, information, and enhancing attractiveness.

1) Safety - Packaging protects the product from damage during transportation, storage, and usage. For example, packaging is used to prevent food from getting contaminated.

2) Convenience - Packaging makes it easier to carry, use, and store the product. For instance, food items packed in small containers or pouches are easy to carry while traveling.

3) Providing Information - Packaging contains important information about the product, such as ingredients, usage instructions, and warnings. This information helps consumers choose and use the right product.

4) Enhancing Attractiveness - Attractive packaging draws consumers to buy the product. Well-designed packaging strengthens the brand identity and makes the product stand out from competitors

34. Name any four semi-perishable foods.

Answer - :Names of four semi-perishable food items:

• Eggs
• Potatoes
• Onions
• Biscuits and cakes.

OR

Name any four non-perishable foods.

Answer - :Names of four non-perishable food items:

• Whole grains and pulses
• Dried fruits
• Oilseeds
• Sugar and jaggery.

35. What four precautions would you adopt while washing silk clothes at home?

Answer - :When washing silk clothes at home, follow these four precautions:

1) Use a mild soap in lukewarm or cold water and wash gently by applying light pressure and rubbing with soft hands. These clothes should not be soaked.

2) Rinse thoroughly to remove all soap.

3) Apply Arabic gum and hang the clothes to dry in the shade.

4) When the clothes are slightly dry and still a little damp, press them with a mild hot iron, as spraying water on dry silk clothes can cause stains.

36. Crime and corruption are increasing due to lack of values and ethics. What are the other four effects of this on the society?

Answer - Due to the lack of values and ethics, crime and corruption are increasing. Four other impacts on society are as follows:

• Imbalance - When ethics are not prioritized in society and the focus is solely on personal gain, it creates an imbalance in both social and personal life. This imbalance leads to outcomes like crime, corruption, and social disintegration.
• Disorder - Disorder creates an atmosphere of insecurity in society. People begin to fear one another and trust is diminished.
• Anarchy - Anarchy promotes evil, such as corruption, crime, and violence, which weakens the moral fabric of society even further.
• Economic Imbalance - When people deviate from ethics, corruption and fraud increase, leading to economic imbalance and inequality.

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37. Mr. Sharma earns Rs. 25,000 per month. He lives in a three bedroom rented accommodation in Delhi. Help him make a format to record his monthly expenditure on transport and household bills.

Answer - We can create a simple and organized format to record Mr. Sharma's monthly expenses, which includes his major expenses (such as rent, transportation, utility bills, etc.). This format will help him keep track of his spending.

:Monthly Expense Format:

Total Monthly Expense: ₹ 25,000

By filling out this format, Mr. Sharma will have a clear and detailed picture of his monthly expenses, which will help him create a budget and gain control over his spending. He can use this format every month to identify any changes or unnecessary expenses.

38. Make your sister-in-law aware of any four factors that would affect her growing embryo in her pregnancy.

Answer - :Factors affecting the growing fetus during pregnancy:

• Mother's emotional state: Mental stress, excitement, despair, fear, or sadness can negatively impact fetal development, leading to irritability in the baby after birth.
• Mother's diet: The mother should consume a nutrient-rich diet, including calcium, protein, minerals, and carbohydrates. Lack of proper nutrition can weaken the baby and make it susceptible to infections.
• Medication intake by the mother: Taking any medication during pregnancy without a doctor's advice can be harmful to fetal development. X-rays should also be avoided.
• Substances like drugs, alcohol, and smoking: Consumption of cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs can severely damage the fetus through its blood vessels.

39. Suggest any four ways to prevent lifestyle diseases.

Answer - :Four ways to prevent lifestyle-related diseases:

• One should exercise daily, such as walking, practicing yoga, cycling, etc.
• Use stairs instead of lifts or escalators.
• Eat a balanced diet at the right time.
• Consume whole grains like cereals (wheat flour), sorghum, and millet, and avoid refined foods like maida (refined flour), etc.

OR

 Give any four suggestions to care for the sick at home.

Answer - :Four suggestionns for caring for the sick at home:

• Seek medical advice immediately without waiting for the severity of the illness to increase.
• Follow the doctor's advice and take any prescribed medicine on time.
• Provide the patient with an appropriate and balanced diet as per the doctor's advice.
• Ensure that the patient is getting adequate rest.

40. Identify any four household activities that are done seasonally by a family.

Answer - :Four seasonal household activities carried out by a family:

• Keeping mattresses, cushions, pillows, rugs, and carpets in the sun to air them.
• Cleaning the rooms thoroughly after removing all the furniture.
• Cleaning the pantry and washing the curtains.

Cleaning and polishing wooden items and carrying out their repair work

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