NIOS Class-12th Question Paper Solution
HOME SCIENCE(321) | ENGLISH
Question. 21-26
Ques 21. (a) How would you sterilize glass bottles for storing home made jams?
Answer - Sterilization of bottles:
For preserving any product, it is essential that bottles should be properly sterilized. For this, fill a big vessel with water in which bottles can be dipped. Bottles should be left in boiling water for 20 minutes. Put a layer of cloth at the bottom. Place bottles over it. After sterilization, keep the bottles well covered so that they do not get contaminated again.
(b) What steps would you adopt while freezing 5 kilograms peas at home?
Answer - Steps would we adopt while freezing 5 kilograms peas at home:
- Select fresh, tender peas and shell them.
- Take sufficient water to completely immerse the peas. Add 10 gms of salt for every 1 litre of water and boil. Add peas to the boiling water and leave for 2 minutes.
- Drain and cool immediately. Pack in small polythene bags, remove air by pressing and seal the bags.
- This is done so that no micro-organisms remain in the packet. Place the packets in the freezer.
- A temperature of 180 C is recommended for storage of frozen foods. The period during which the food can be stored successfully varies with food and storage temperature.
Ques 22. Why are the readymade garments sold in boutiques expensive? Give six reasons to support their high price.
Answer - Ready-made garments sold in boutiques are often more expensive here are six reasons to support their high price:
- Quality of Materials: Boutiques often use higher quality fabrics and materials for their garments. These materials are more expensive but can result in a better fit and longer-lasting clothing.
- Craftsmanship: Boutique clothing is typically crafted with greater attention to detail and precision. Skilled artisans and tailors may be involved in the production, leading to a higher level of workmanship, which adds to the cost.
- Limited Production: Boutiques often produce garments in limited quantities. This limited production can make the cost per unit higher since they don't benefit from the economies of scale that mass producers do.
- Unique Designs: Many boutiques focus on creating unique and original designs. Designers and artists are often involved in the creative process, and their expertise can command a premium price.
- Customization: Some boutiques offer customization or made-to-order services, allowing customers to choose specific fabrics, colors, and styles. This level of personalization can drive up the cost.
- Ethical and Sustainable Practices: Boutique brands may prioritize ethical and sustainable production practices, such as fair wages for workers and environmentally friendly materials. These practices can increase production costs but appeal to consumers looking for socially responsible clothing.
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Ques 23. Mention four activities involved in daily household cleaning.
Answer - The four activities involved in daily household cleaning:
- Remove all unwanted articles like tea cups etc., and empty ash trays and dust bins.
- Brush or vacuum clean the carpet.
- Sweep the floor and Dust all surfaces including furniture and fixtures. Mop the whole area.
- Replace linen wherever required, like in a bedroom, make the bed, in a restaurant cover the tables, in bathrooms, check for towels, soaps etc.
Ques 24. What four points would you consider while hanging paintings in your drawing room ?
Answer - The four points would we consider while hanging paintings in our drawing room:
- Hang paintings according to their size and space available.
- big paintings on a big wall and vice versa. Alternatively a group of small paintings can also be hung together. These can be hung in such a way that the all fit in an imaginary square or a rectangle.
- Paintings can be enhanced by putting spot lights which fall directly on the paintings.
- Hang all paintings straight and even, not lopsided.
Ques 25. In what four ways can you ensure that your room cooler is working efficiently ?
Answer - The four ways can we ensure that our room cooler is working efficiently are:
Room coolers consist of a cabinet, a water pump and an exhaust fan. The air first passes through the wet cooling pads and then this cool air is thrown in the room.
- The cabinet must be well cleaned before installation and also periodically, when in use. If it is made of iron, it should be painted to avoid rusting.
- The cooling pads, which are made of grass wool or ‘khus-khus’ should be changed every summer.
- Pump and the fan must be lubricated before summer.
- Care should be taken that the water is always above the minimum level, otherwise the pump will be damaged.
Ques 26. You have hired the following staff for your hotel. Tell them their two responsibilities each -
(a) Floor Supervisor
(b) Horticulturist
(c) Control Desk Supervisor
(d) Linen Storekeeper
Answer - Following are the responsibilities of the two employees appointed in hotel:
(a)Floor Supervisor:
- For multistoried buildings, each floor is attended by a floor supervisor.
- He/ she is responsible for the cleanliness and maintenance of the assigned floor which includes rooms, corridors, rest rooms, stair case, etc., for jobs like changing or repairing lights, switches, etc.
(b) Horticulturist:
- Hotriculturist- he/ she is responsible for all the floral
- and plant decoration as well as the upkeep of gardens in the premises.
(c) Control Desk Supervisor:
- this person communicates with the staff and coordinates with various departments of the organization. He becomes the centre point of all messages, complaints etc.,
- and also keeps records of what work has been assigned to whom and maintains the general follow-up of the same.
(d) Linen Storekeeper:
- he/she is responsible for storage, issue, cleanliness and maintenance of linen.
- (Napkins, table cloths, bed sheets, bed covers, pillow covers, blankets, curtains and uniforms)
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